Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Cultural Situations in Al-Madinah During The Rule Of Sultan Mahmoud II 1226-1255A.H / 1811-1839 A.D الأوضاع الثقافية في المدينة المنورة في عهد السلطان محمود الثاني 1226-1255هـ/1811-1839م |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Arts - Department of History |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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This study gets its significance from the fact that it sheds some light on a important interval of the history of the region in the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmoud the second from 1222 to 1255 Hijri. At that time, The Ottoman empire witnessed innovative trials to change in all aspects of life like the cultural aspect when it started to adopt the modern European systems.
Changes were clear in all fields of life especially the field of education.
The objective of this study is to analyze the consequences of the above
mentioned development – westernization - in the field of education in Al-Madinah Al-Monawara cultural and scientific wise. It is worth mentioning that The Ottoman Sultan Mahmoud the second gave much attention to Madinah in all aspects of life because there was an ongoing political and cultural conflict among different factions especially when Suad Family took the reign on Al-Hajaz area. This research tried to present a realistic description of the scientific and cultural life in Madinah at that stage focusing on all components of cultural life like, Olamaa' (Scientists), Students, institutions, and economical resources that affected the cultural activities at that time.
This study comprises an introduction and four chapters and a conclusion. The Introduction focused on the significance of the study, the outline of the study, and the resources that the researcher fetched his data from. In the introduction , the researcher also described the geographical borders of Al-Hijaz area and the importance of it to the Ottoman Empire. And she gave a brief summary of the political and economical issues in Al-Madinah at that time of Sultan Mahmoud the second reign, namely, the main political events, the most important economical activities, and the components of the community at that time like habits and traditions.
Chapter one tracked the most important scientific Institutions that had great impacts on cultural life at the time interval of this study. These institutions included schools, Katateeb, libraries, Takayas, and Arbita that were established during or before the reign of this Ottoman Sultan.
Chapter two elaborated on the definition of 'Waqf' in Islam, its kinds, reasons behind its kinds and varieties and the administration of these 'Awqaf'. Also this chapter talked about 'Awqaf' in Egypt and Al-Hijaz and the way it was administered and the people who supported these 'Awqaf'.
Chapter three talked about the most prevailing intellectual and cultural trends in Al-Madinah through the political and intellectual conflicts among these trends. This was clear in the study of the different types of science which were prevailing at that era.
Chapter four discussed the roles of the 'OLamaa' and the intellectuals in
working to achieve political stability, seeking to reach political accommodation between different conflicting factions, their roles in tackling corruption and their participation in political, social and economical activities in the city.
The conclusion consisted of the results of the study, appendixes of Ottoman documents from Egypt and Hijaz and the references.
Finally, this study found the following results:
The Prophet's Masjid has been one of the most important centers of knowledge and education.
This Masjid has contributed in all fields of science like linguistics, religion, and other kinds of science including Arabic language, sociology, pure and applied science among other studies.
Houses of Olamaa', Ktateebs, libraries, schools had significant roles in education for all ages of the inhabitants of Madinah.
The educational and scientific movement in Madinah was organized, simple, and disciplined.
There was scientific progress in Madinah. This was evident in the huge number of learning positions in each institution depending on its size.
The role of Olamaa' was clear in collecting scientific book for making libraries. Also, ''Waraqeen" ( people responsible for printing) had a great effect on this side of economical life in the city.
Madinah was neglected in the real sense of the word by the Ottoman Empire since it was far away from the capital that time so the real progress didn't exceed the aspects of religious and some scientific studies besides 'Fiqh' matters. |
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Supervisor |
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Prof. Mohamed |
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Thesis Type |
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Doctorate Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1436 AH
2015 AD |
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Added Date |
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Thursday, November 26, 2015 |
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Researchers
| هيام هاشم البدرشيني | BADRSHEENI, HAYAM HASHIM | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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