Document Details

Document Type : Thesis 
Document Title :
Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Sickle Cell disease in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
مدى انتشار انقطاع التنفس أثناء النوم والعوامل المؤثرة عليه عند الأطفال المصابين بأمراض الخلايا المنجلية في جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية
 
Subject : Faculty of medicine 
Document Language : Arabic 
Abstract : Obstructive Sleep Apnea causes several adverse health outcomes including daytime drowsiness, hemodynamic changes, cognitive problems and reduced quality of life. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among children has been estimated to be between 1 to 4%. Risk factors include adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy, exposure to smoke, being a product of a preterm birth and living in polluted neighborhood. Sickle cell diseases are major public health problems with highest prevalence among all hemoglobinopathies in Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of sickle cell disease in children has been reported to be 24 per 10,000, while at least 4.2% have the sickle cell gene. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea among children with sickle cell disease. Methods It is a multicentric cross sectional study. All patients with SCD aged between 2-18 year who admitted to either KKNGH or KAUH over the period from 2010-2017 will be approached. Selected subjects were interviewed using Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. More laboratory data were collected from health information system of each hospitals. The required sample size will be 137 to ensure a power of 80%. Results The data were collected from total of 150 child with SCD with mean age of 9.5 years. 80 (53.3%) were boys and 109 (72.7%) were Saudi. The average age of diagnosis was 18-month-old with average initial Hb level of 7.9 g/dL and average HbS 73%. Based on PSQ, 33 out of 150 (22%) are positive for obstructive sleep apnea. The average score of PSQ is 3.8/22. Investigating symptoms within the questionnaire, 34 (22.7%) had snoring more than half of their sleep time, 21 (14%) snore most of the days. 38 (25.3%) are mouth breather. However, the most prominent symptoms were unrefreshed upon waking up (51.3%), sleepiness over the day (32%) and difficulty in waking up (31.3%). Children who had history of adenotonsillar hypertrophy were at higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea [Odds Ratio 4.34; 95% CI 1.9-9.93 (P < 0.001)]. This association remained significant after adjustment for risk factors [Odds Ratio 5.5; 95% CI 1.84-16.35 (P < 0.001)]. Conclusion Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disease among children with sickle cell disease. Many factors are associated with obstructive sleep apnea in the bivariate analysis including nationality, educational level, history of adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy, and history of periodic limb movement. Using logistic and linear regression, the history of adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy was a significant indicator of obstructive sleep apnea after adjusting for sociodemographic and other risk factors. A detailed history of sleeping habits including snoring and nocturnal enuresis together with throat examination for any hypertrophied tonsils are important to detect obstructive sleep apnea in children with sickle cell disease. 
Supervisor : Dr. Baha Aba Al-Khail 
Thesis Type : Master Thesis 
Publishing Year : 1441 AH
2020 AD 
Added Date : Monday, May 18, 2020 

Researchers

Researcher Name (Arabic)Researcher Name (English)Researcher TypeDr GradeEmail
البراء سمير أبو الحمايلAbu Al-Hamayel, Al-Bara SamirResearcherMaster 

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