Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SOIL AND PLANT CHARACTERISTICS IN AIR POLLUTED AND UNPOLLUTED AREAS IN MAKKAH CITY. دراسة مقارنة على خصائص التربة والنبات بمنطقتين أحدهما ملوثة والأخرى غير ملوثة بمدينة مكة. |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Science |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Air pollution is due to tremendous growth of human population, urbanization and industrial expansion which cause heavy metal pollution in the biosphere and soil, and is responsible for many negative impacts affecting the well-being of fauna and flora, as well as the environment as a whole. Severals research works were conducted to investigate the effect of air pollution on the phytochemicals and antioxidant systems in leaves as well as heavy metals status in leaves and in soil beneath of five plant species including Aerva javanica, Senna italic, Abutilon pannosum, Conocurpus lancifolia and Calotropis procerra growing in two study areas such as polluted (Industrial city of Makkah) and unpolluted (Ain Shams) in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. In first research work, the results revealed that total phenols (TPC), flavonoids concentation (TFC), free radical scavenging capacity (FRSC) (lower DPPH IC50 values), protein and proline content, and activities of polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes in leaves of plant species growing in polluted area were higher as compared to plant growing in unpolluted ones. In contrast, photosynthetic pigments including chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotinoids, total soluble sugar (TSS) content, and activity of catalase (CAT) enzyme in leaves of species growing in unpolluted site were higher than the species growing in polluted ones. In polluted area, the highest photosynthetic pigments, TPC, TFC, FRSC, and activity of PPO were observed in leaves of Senna italic species. In second research work, the results showed that ion and heavy metals including Cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Ferric (Fe), Cupper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Aluminium (Al), Calcium (Ca), Potasium (K) and Sodium (Na) content in leaves of plant species growing in polluted site were significantly higher as compared to the plants growing in unpolluted ones. Conversely, magnesium (Mg) was significantly lower in leaves of plants species growing in polluted site as compared to the plants growing in unpolluted ones. In polluted site, the highest Cd, Cu, Pb and Na content were observed in the leaves of Conocurpus lancifolia. In third study, the results expressed that all studied ions and heavy metals content in soil beneath the plants species growing in polluted site were significantly higher as compared to the soil beneath the plants species growing in unpolluted ones. In polluted site, the highest Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni content was observed in soil beneath the species of Calotropis procerra. It is concluded that the leaves and soil samples collected from polluted area are more contaminated with heavy metals as compared to unpolluted ones and Senna italic species has a more effective defense system than other studied species. The findings of present study contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of air pollutants on plants. |
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Supervisor |
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Dr. Abdul Rahman Al-Ghamdi |
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Thesis Type |
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Doctorate Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1440 AH
2019 AD |
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Added Date |
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Monday, September 16, 2019 |
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Researchers
| عبدالمحسن جمعان الزهراني | AlZahrani, Abdul Mohsen Jamaan | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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