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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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EFFECT OF THE MEDICINAL HERBAL, FOENICULUM VULGARE (FENNEL), ON GROWTH OF THE HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS تأثير العشب الطبي الشمر (الفونيكولم فولجار) على نمو خلايا سرطان الثدي البشرية |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Science |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females with the highest mortality rate worldwide. Foeniculum vulgare L. (fennel) is one of the most common herbs used in alternative medicines for its varied range of bioactivity. The objective of our work was to examine the antiproliferative, apoptotic effect, anti-metastatic effects of fennel extract on breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. Anti-proliferative assay (MTT assay) of various fractions was done using MCF-7. Colony formation assay was performed to study the growth inhibitory effect of fennel. Various morphological changes of apoptosis were observed using Giemsa, Hoechst and Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide stains in MCF-7 cells. The extent of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest was measured by flow cytometer. Levels of ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by DCFH-DA and JC-1 respectively. Caspases activity was measured by luminescence and DNA fragmentation by comet assay. Tumorsphere formation assay and toluidine blue exclusion assay was performed to characterize cancer stem cells. Wound healing assay, agarose bead cell assay, cell migration assay, matrigel invasion assay and xenograft in mouse was performed to study the anti-metastatic effect. LC-QToF-MS/MS analysis was done to identify the compounds. Chloroform fraction of fennel (CFF) presented the best activity on MCF-7 cells with the least toxic effect to normal cells, thereby, was selected for further mechanistic studies. CFF appeared as a good inhibitor of growth against MCF-7 in time and dose-dependent manners. All the morphological changes of apoptosis were evident in treatment groups. Annexin V/PI-assay of apoptosis gave around 49% of apoptotic cells upon treatment of 0.5mg/ml of CFF and PI-stained cells showed the G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Elevated levels of ROS, disrupted mitochondrial membrane, increased levels of caspase-9 & caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation was noted in treated MCF-7 cells. CFF showed growth inhibition effect of CSCs and anti-metastatic activity by inhibiting the migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells. Anti-angiogenesis effect of CFF was established using in-vivo xenograft mice model. Eight compounds including 5,6-Dihydrouridine, which has the importance in tumors growth inhibition were identified using LC-QToF-MS/MS. Collectively, these findings indicate that CFF has a potential to inhibit proliferation, to induce cell cycle arrest and to decrease metastatic potential of MCF-7 cells. These findings may provide a useful foundation for studying and developing novel chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer. |
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Supervisor |
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Dr. Ayman Ibrahim Elkady |
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Thesis Type |
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Doctorate Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1440 AH
2018 AD |
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Added Date |
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Thursday, November 29, 2018 |
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Researchers
| فريد الدين قردري سيد | Syed, Fareeduddin Quadri | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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